This rare portrait of Yawar Waqaq, the Seventh Inca, exemplifies colonial Andean painting’s dynastic series. Depicted full-length against a natural background, he wears a llauto with a red mascapaicha tassel, a richly adorned uncu tunic with tocapus, and holds the topayauri, a golden scepter of power. The European-inspired pose and lavish accessories highlight parallels with Spanish monarchs, reflecting the 18th-century “Inca Renaissance,” which reimagined Inca heritage to assert noble indigenous identity. After Tupac Amaru II’s rebellion (1780–81), Spanish repression led to the destruction of such artworks, making this painting a rare survivor of that cultural and historical erasure.